The experience of taking Ayahuasca is not solely about the few hours spent under its direct influence; it is a holistic process that begins days or even weeks before the ceremony. A critical part of this preparation is the Ayahuasca Dieta (diet), a traditional regimen designed to purify the body, focus the mind, and maximize the spiritual and therapeutic benefits of the sacred brew.
Adhering strictly to the Dieta is essential for both safety and efficacy.
The Science and Purpose of the Dieta
The Ayahuasca Dieta serves two primary, intertwined purposes:
1. Physiological Safety (MAOI Interactions)
As noted in the beginner’s guide, the Ayahuasca vine (B. caapi) contains Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs). These compounds temporarily block the action of the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which normally breaks down neurotransmitters and certain chemicals found in food, most notably Tyramine.
Consuming foods high in Tyramine while taking an MAOI can lead to a potentially dangerous spike in blood pressure, known as a Hypertensive Crisis. Therefore, the most crucial aspect of the Dieta is avoiding foods that could cause this interaction.
2. Spiritual and Energetic Cleansing
Indigenous tradition holds that certain foods, spices, and activities introduce “heavy” or distracting energies that interfere with the subtle spiritual work facilitated by Ayahuasca. The Dieta helps to create a “neutral” inner state, allowing the user to be more receptive to the plant teacher’s guidance and insights. The aim is to calm the nervous system and clear the body of toxins and stimulations.
Foods to Strictly AVOID (The 1-2 Week Window)
The following items must be strictly avoided for at least 48 to 72 hours before the ceremony, with many retreat centers recommending a safer window of 1 to 2 weeks.
1. High-Tyramine Foods (MAOI Risk)
These are the most critical items to exclude due to the risk of a Hypertensive Crisis:
- Fermented & Aged Foods: Aged cheeses (cheddar, mozzarella, parmesan, etc.), sauerkraut, soy sauce, miso, tempeh.
- Aged, Cured, or Processed Meats: Salami, pepperoni, bacon, cured sausages, dried fish.
- Alcohol: All beer, wine, and liquor. Alcohol should be avoided for a minimum of one week.
- Overripe Fruits: Bananas, avocados, and figs (especially if overripe).
- Certain Extracts/Supplements: Yeast extracts (Marmite, Vegemite).
2. Central Nervous System Stimulants
These items can interfere with the Ayahuasca experience and put undue strain on the body:
- Caffeine: Coffee, black tea, energy drinks, and most soft drinks.
- Refined Sugars: Candies, chocolate (especially dark chocolate, which also contains Tyramine), and excessive processed sweets.
- Spices: Hot peppers and overly spicy foods, as they can overstimulate the digestive system.
3. Other Recreational/Pharmaceutical Items
- All Illicit Drugs: Cocaine, MDMA, amphetamines, and cannabis.
- Prescription Medications: This requires careful consultation, but almost all Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, tricyclics), certain cold medications (containing dextromethorphan), and weight-loss drugs must be completely stopped weeks in advance under medical supervision.
Foods to Embrace (The Core Dieta)
During the Dieta period, participants should focus on a clean, simple, and light diet that is easy to digest.
- Lean Protein: Plain, unseasoned fish (boiled or grilled), plain chicken or turkey breast.
- Starchy Vegetables: Potatoes, squash, sweet potatoes, yams.
- Plain Grains: Rice (white or brown), oats, plain quinoa.
- Fresh Fruits and Vegetables: Cooked or fresh, simple vegetables (steamed or boiled).
- Water: Staying well-hydrated is key.
Key Preparation: Food should be prepared simply—boiled, steamed, or lightly grilled. Avoid excessive salt, oil, or seasoning. The goal is blandness and purity.
Lifestyle and Behavioral Restrictions (The Broader Dieta)
The Dieta is not just about what you eat; it also includes behavioral restrictions aimed at calming the mind and preserving “spiritual energy.”
- Sexual Activity: Traditionally, sexual activity (including masturbation) is avoided for several days to a week before the ceremony. The belief is that it depletes the energetic reserves needed for the journey.
- Excessive Media/Stimulation: Minimize exposure to intense music, violent TV shows, news, and social media. Focus on quiet activities like meditation, gentle stretching, and journaling.
- Negative Conflict: Avoid arguments, stressful situations, and engaging with negative or toxic people.
Post-Ceremony Integration (The End of the Dieta)
The Dieta is often recommended to continue for several days after the ceremony, sometimes called the Post-Dieta or Integration Phase.
Ayahuasca can leave you in a highly sensitive and open state. Continuing the simple diet and lifestyle protects this sensitive state, allowing the insights gained during the ceremony to integrate fully into daily life without being overwhelmed by stimulating foods or activities.
Important References and Further Reading
For a comprehensive understanding of MAOI interactions and Ayahuasca, it is highly recommended to consult established resources on responsible psychedelic use and to speak with the retreat center or curandero you plan to work with, as their specific Dieta protocols may vary.
- Gable, R. S. (2018). Pharmacology of Ayahuasca: How the Jungle’s Greatest Psychedelic Works.
- The Ayahuasca Safety Guidelines (Widely used by responsible retreat centers).
- Your Chosen Ayahuasca Center: Always follow the specific instructions provided by your facilitator, as protocols can differ based on tradition and local ingredients.